Person Page - 547

     Captain George Augustus Killigrew was born on 2 September 1717 in Westminster, Middlesex. He was the son of Lt Col Henry Killigrew and Frances Maria Bucknall. Captain George Augustus Killigrew was christened on 7 October 1717 in St Clement Danes, Westminster, Middlesex. George Augustus, son of Colonel Henry Killigrew, Master of the Robes to the Prince? and the Lady Frances Mary his wife, was born September 2nd, baptized Octo: 7th in Norfolk Street, Godfather His Royal Highness, George Prince of Wales, and his .... the Duke of Argyll, Godmother the Rt Honorable, the Countess of Dorsett.
     He served in Col. Douglas' Regiment of Marines on 10 December 1735. The 1740 Army list: Captain George Augustus Killigrew, commission dated 10 Dec 1739, Ensign 17 Dec 1735.
Captain George Augustus Killigrew married Isabel Orgill on 4 July 1742. Geo Augustus Killigrew of Norfolk Street, S Martin in the Fields, bachelor & Izzabel Orgil of Kingstown in the Island of Jamaica, spinster, 4 Jul 1742?.
Also: Killegrew, George Augustus of St Martin of fields, Esq, bachelor & Isabella Orgill of Kings Town in the Island of Jamaica, spinster, 4 August 1742 .
     Captain George Augustus Killigrew and Frances Vandewall obtained a marriage licence on 27 June 1753 in London.
Captain George Augustus Killigrew married secondly Frances Vandewall after 27 June 1753.
Capt George Augustus Killigrew to Sir R Wilmot. Scheme to dispose of his troop and retire on the half-pay of captain on the Irish establishment. Stewart Douglass willing to resign half-pay for him.
     George died before 1 August 1757 in Bond Street, Soho, Westminster. The Scots Magazine 1 August 1757
George Augustus Killigrew, Esq; in the 40^th year of his age, Major of the regiment of carabineers ont the Irish establishment. He was great-grandson of Mr Killigrew, resident at Venice, well known in the time K Charles II. And lineally descended from the Killigrew who was sent upon several embassies to the Imperial and German courts in the reigns of Edward VI and Q Elizabeth. The Major went through all the hot service of the last war. He had a company of marines in the expedition to Carthagena, and was shipwrecked in his return home from Jamaica. He was afterwards in several engagements as a marine captain. Leaving issue only one daughter, the name is extinct in the male line..
     His will was proved on 20 August 1757 at the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. He was a Captain in the Regiment of Carabiniers.

     Grace died circa 1592 in Cornwall, England. She was born circa 1592 in Cornwall. She was the daughter of John Killigrew and Dorothy Monk.

     Grace Killigrew married John Tretherffe. Grace Killigrew was born in Cornwall. She was the daughter of Capt John Killigrew and Elizabeth Trewinnard.

     Lt Guilford Killigrew was born circa 1695. He was the son of Charles Killigrew and Jemima Bockenham.
     He served as a cornet and later Lt Col of Lord Mark Kerr's Regiment of Dragoons according to the 1740 army list and Ensign in Col. Wm Delaune's Regiment of Foot having joined... on 30 August 1708. A picture of Lt Guilford Killigrew A portrait by John Closterman (German, active ca. 1660–1711) Titled: Portrait of Guilford Killigrew, when a boy, 1709 Medium: oil on canvas. Size:
151.3 x 91.1 cm. (59.6 x 35.9 in.)
Oil on canvas in a fine quality period frame.
The attractive young sitter points towards a plumed helmet, his hand grasping a sword; this is a reference to his aristocratic ancestry and his intention to become a soldier.
His coat of arms, name and the year 1709 are inscribed on the stone plinth.
GUILFORD KILLIGREW was born circa 1695. He was the son of Charles Killigrew and Jemima Bockenham.
He served as a cornet and later Lt Col of Lord Mark Kerr's Regiment of Dragoons according to the 1740 army list.
Guilford died on 18 February 1751. He left no issue. He was described as Lt Colonel of Kerr's Dragoons.
His will was proved on 23 July 1751 at the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. He left his property in trust for Guilford Boyes, living under his protection, who was baptised 22 Sep 1730 at Allerton in Yorkshire, as daughter of John Boyes, and apprenticed to a milliner in Manchester. A Guilfred Killigrew married on 18 Sep 1759 at Manchester Cathedral to John Wright.
Guilford's father was Charles Killigrew (1655–1725) an English courtier, theatre manager and Master of the Revels.
Born at Maastricht on 29 December 1655, he was son of Thomas Killigrew the elder, by his second wife, Charlotte, daughter of John de Hesse of Holland. He was Gentleman of the Privy Chamber to Charles II, 1670, James II, 1685, and William III and Mary II, 1689. He was Master of the Revels in 1680, patentee of Drury Lane Theatre in 1682, and Commissioner of Prizes in 1707.
Killigrew lived at Somerset House, London, and Thornham Hall, Suffolk. His varied acquirements won him the friendship of John Dryden (cf. Dedication of Juvenal, 1693, p. xxiii), Humphrey Prideaux, and others. He was buried in the Savoy Hospital on 8 January 1725, leaving by his wife Jemima, niece of Richard Bokenham, mercer, of London, two sons, Charles (died 1756) and Guilford. His library was sold in the December following. in 1709.
     In Lt Guilford Killigrew's will dated 30 May 1723, Lt Guilford Killigrew was named as executor of the estate.
     Administration of the estate of Charlotte de Hesse was granted to Lt Guilford Killigrew, on 5 June 1725.
Killegrew v Killegrew. Bill and answer. Plaintiffs: Charles Killigrew, esq of Thornham Hall, Suffolk (eldest son of Charles Killigrew, esq deceased, late of Somerset House, Middlesex). Defendants: Guildford Killigrew, esq. Date of bill ....
     Guilford died on 31 December 1750 in Soutrahill, Midlothian, Scotland. He left no issue. He was described as Lt Colonel of Kerr's Dragoons.
Deaths 31 Dec 1750: At Soutrahill, Lieut Guilford Killigrew, of Lord Mark Kerr's dragoons - "He was in his 50th year, and a bachelor; a good-natured, polite and friendly gentleman, and a brave officer; an admirer of the fair sex, and esteemed by them; liked a moderate glass of with a friends; and ended his days with great serenity of mind, and with assured opd of that rest whch is to bhe portion of the righteous. He has left his whole fortune about 800l to a natural daughter"". Edin Courier [24].
     His will was proved on 23 July 1751 at the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. He left his property in trust for Guilford Boyes, living under his protection, who was bap 22 Sep 1730 at Allerton in Yorkshire, as daughter of John Boyes, and apprenticed to a milliner in Manchester. A Guilfred Killigrew married on 18 Sep 1759 at Manchester Cathedral to John Wright.

      Henry Killigrew was born circa 1590 in Cornwall. He was the third son and had no issue. He was aged 30 in 1620. He was the son of John Killigrew and Dorothy Monk.
     Henry died. He may have been the cadet Henry who took part in the Anglo Huguenot expedition to relieve Rouen, and was left lame for life from a wound in a foot, and was captured and imprisoned.

     Henry Killigrew was born on 9 April 1637 in St Martin in the Fields, Westminster, Middlesex. He was the son of Thomas Killigrew and Cecilia Crofts. Henry Killigrew was christened on 16 April 1637 in St Martin in the Fields.
     Henry was appointed a Groom in Extraordinary of the Bedchamber on 31 October 1674.
Henry Killigrew married Lady Mary Savage. Henry Killigrew was an executor of Thomas Killigrew's estate on 19 March 1682/83 in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury.
     Henry was appointed a Groom of the Bedchamber on 19 December 1683. Henry was at the court of James II when Duke of York. "Scapegrace of the family".
     Henry died before 16 December 1705 in Soho, Westminster, Middlesex. He was buried on 16 December 1705 in St Martin in the Fields.

     Henry Killigrew was born circa 1630. He was the son of Sir William Killigrew and Mary Hill. Henry was a merchant in St Mary in the Savoy, London, England.
     His will was proved on 20 March 1659/60 at the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. Will of Henry Killigrew, merchant of Savoy, Middlesex.
     Henry died before 9 May 1661 in St Mary in the Savoy, London. He left no issue.
     His will was proved on 9 May 1661 at PCC. Sentence of Henry Killegrew of St Mary le Savoy, Middlesex.

     Henry resided at Wolston, Cornwall. He was born before 1502. He was the eldest son.. He was the son of Robert Killigrew and Elizabeth Morys (of Wolstane).
He may be the Henry Killigrew who was made Mercer by the Comany as a compliment. Mercerin Commons 1509-1558.
Henry Killigrew married Elizabeth Bond.
     Henry died before 1533. He predeceased his father and was named in the Inquisition taken on his death..

     Henry Killigrew was born say 1640.
Henry Killigrew married Joan Webber on 13 January 1668 in Paignton, Devon.

     Henry Killigrew was born say 1710.
Henry Killigrew married Mary Unknown before 1747.

     Lt Col Henry Killigrew was born circa 1681 in London, England. He was the son of Henry Killigrew and Lady Mary Savage.
     He served as Lieutenant Colonel of Dragoons on 30 September 1710. Henry Killigrew to be Lt-Col.of Dragoons, 30 Sep 1710.
Lt Col Henry Killigrew married Frances Maria Bucknall on 31 December 1716 in St Alban, Wood Street, London.
     Henry died before October 1724 in Middlesex, England.
     The administration of his estate was granted to Frances Maria Bucknall on 3 October 1724 at the Prerogative Court of Canterbury.

     Major Henry Killigrew was born. He is unlikely to be the son of the Admiral - not mentioned in major texts. He was the son of Henry Killigrew Lord of Admiralty and Lucy Jervoise.
Possibly Lt Col & Captain 14 Dec 1715 of Brig Dormers's Regt of Dragoons in the 1715 Army list [PROK]. Tregellas p.188, queries whether he was the Major in Lord Staffordshire's Royal Regt of Dragoons.
     A Henry, son of Henry was baptised at Paignton, Devon on 21 Aug 1721. This was likely to be the son of Henry who married Elizabeth Courtisse on 28 Feb 1711 there. This Henry is likely to be a son of the Henry who married Joan Webber there in 1668.
     He is not mentioned by Vivian as a son of the Admiral.

     Major Henry Killigrew was born circa 1620 in Essex. He was the son of Sir Henry Killigrew and Jemima Bael.
     Henry matriculated at Queen's College, Oxford University, on 16 March 1636/37. Henry Killigrew, born Essex, son of Henry of Larick, Cornwall, armiger. Matric. 16 March 1637/8 aged 16.
     Major Henry Killigrew made a will dated 1644. 12 Jan 1695 Copy of Writ of Error and Transcript of Record brought in this day (Lords Journals, XV. 460), together with Tenor of Judgment given on 19 Feb (ib. 499 in extenso). Sir Henry Killigrew in 1644 made a Will leaving his property, the Manor of Laurack and Barton of Juts, Cornwall, and lands in the Lindsey Level in Lincolnshire, and other property, to his cousin Jane Berkley, by whose virtuous conversation he had been reclaimed from many vices to which both by nature and custom he was made subject, the lands in Lincolnshire to be hers and her heirs' for ever, the other lands, after her death, to go to his natural son Henry Killigrew alias Henry Hill and his heirs male, failing whom to his nephew Sir Joseph Seymour. He also made a later Will, the purport of which was unknown. After his death Mrs. Berkley demised the Manor and Rectory of Laurack and other property in the parishes of Laurack, St Jermen's, Quethiocke, St Ive, Kellington and St Stephens near Saltash to Edward Nosworthy during her life, whose son and heir Edward transferred them to John Hitchins, the Plaintiff. Sir William Bassett, Knt., the son and heir of Elizabeth Bassett, daughter and heiress of Sir Joseph Killigrew, Knt., Sir Henry's elder brother, ejected Hitchins, as heir to Sir Henry Killigrew, and Hitchins sued him for trespass.
     Henry died in 1644 in Bridgewater, Somerset. He had no issue.

     Sir Henry Killigrew was born circa 1528 in 'Arwenack', Budock, Cornwall.
b. c.1528, 4th s. of John Killigrew of Arwennack by Elizabeth, da. of James Trewennard of St. Erth; bro. of John I and William. educ. ?Camb. bef. 1541. m. (1) 4 Nov. 1565, Catherine (d.1583), da. of Sir Anthony Cooke of Gidea Hall, Essex, 4da; (2) 7 Nov. 1590, Jaél de Peigne, 3s. 1da. Kntd. 1591.2. He was the son of Capt John Killigrew and Elizabeth Trewinnard.
     Henry matriculated at Cambridge University. He was probably educated at Cambridge and studied the classics, French and Italian.
     Sir Henry Killigrew was employed as a gentleman servant in the household of John Dudley, Viscount Listle and later Duke of Northumberland in 1545.
     More information about Sir Henry Killigrew may be found at http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1558-1603/member/killigrew-henry-1528-1603. Henry was a diplomat . He was a diplomat and ambassador. MP Launceston 18 Feb 1552/3, Truro 1571, 1572-82. Employed by Queen Elizabeth on several missions, notably to Scotland 1558-66, 1572-91. He was knighted 22 Nov 1591. Benefactor to Emanuel College, Cambridge. He was also pardoned with Sir John Killigrew and Peter Killigrew; 15 Jan (1 Eliz) - The brothers John, Henry & Peter Killigrew were pardoned :"Peter Killegrew, etc. of Arwenack, co. Cornwall, gentleman, alias of London, 'mercer'".
Henry Killigrew of Arwenack, was pardoned with his brothers Peter & John of Arwenack in the first year of the reign of Elizabeth (15 Jan 1559).
4 May 1559: Committment to John Killigrew the younger & Henry Killigrew his brother, custody of Alexander Arundell, son & heir of John Arundell of Talverne, co. Cornwall & Richard Arundell, Alexander's brother, idiots from birth ....
Sir Henry Killigrew married Katherine Cooke on 4 November 1565 in Gidea Hall, Romford?, Essex.
     In James Killigrew's will dated 12 January 1566/67 in St Budock, Cornwall, England, Sir Henry Killigrew was named as heir.      
Sir Henry Killigrew was the Member of Parliament.
b. 1525/30, 4th s. of John Killigrew of Arwennack, by Elizabeth, da. of James Trewynnard of St. Erth, Cornw; bro. of John^† and William^†. educ. ?Camb. m. (1) 4 Nov. 1565, Catherine (d.1583), da. of Sir Anthony Cooke of Gidea Hall, Essex, 4da; (2) 7 Nov. 1590, Jáel de Peigne, 3s. 1da. Kntd. 20 Nov. 1591.2 in 1571 and 1572-1582 for Truro, Cornwall.
He was possibly the Henry Killigrew mentioned at Carsnew Manor in 1585 Wherof paid out for the rents to the lord of Penryn Foryn 14/10 ... To Henry Killigrewe 10/0.
Sir Henry Killigrew married secondly Jael de Peigne on 7 November 1590 in St Peter Le Poer, London, England. Maister Henry Killigrey & Mistries Jael de Peigne, a French woman.
Signet bills [Index library v.4]] - Henry, warrant July 1591, June 1601 (wife's denization); Sir Henry, office Aug 1602 & May 1603.
See Dictionary of National Biography for further details: http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/15533.
He fathered a bastard child while at Court, but was hypocritical enough to say in another's case it was "good warning sof God's displeasure".
     Sir Henry Killigrew made a will dated 30 April 1602 in London. Sir Henry Killigrew of London, Knight. Will dated 30 April 1602, proved 6 April 1603, by the relict Dame Jael Killigrew.y brother William Killigrew. My wife Jael. My sons Joseph, Robert & Henry. Manor of Lanrache. My brother in law Sir Francis Godolphin..My daughter Jael.
     Henry died on 16 March 1602/3 in Larach, Cornwall.
     His will was proved on 16 April 1603 at the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. Sir Henry Killigrew of London, Knight. Will dated 30 April 1602, proved 6 April 1603, by the relict Dame Jael Killigrewl.
     Sir Henry Killigrew was the subject of an Inquisition Post Mortem held in Bodmin, Cornwall, on 5 October 1603 Inquisition held at Bodmin in the presence of Johnathan Trelawney, knight; Thomas Lower, gentleman; John Hender, esquire; John Harrys, esquire; Thomas Treffrye esquire; John Deble, esquire; escheator of Cornwall and Edmund Douriche, gentleman feodary of the same with full powers by virtue of a commission of the Lord King in the nature of a writ of 'diem clausit extremum', after the death of Henry Killigrew, deceased, directed to them and to Thomas Dotson, esquire; Richard Couch, esquire; George Carnesew, gentleman; John Trubody, gentleman; John Upton, gentleman; Stephen Toker, gentleman; Peter Leach, gentleman;John Beaford, gentleman; Richard Crossman, gentleman; George Lobb; John Carlion; John Coke; Thomas Wythiell; John Chappell. Property: manor of Landrake; manor of Botlet, alias Botlete; [Boconnoc, Lanreath and St Pinnock] manor of Trencreke; [Creed]; messuage, garden, orchard in Pallawin, alias Penhalwin [Panhalyn in Jacobstow]; lands formerly the possession of the dissolved priory of Truro under the prioir Jeffrey; two messuages, gardens and orchards in Penryn; all which lands the said Henry Killigrew, by his indented charter of 3 Feb 1598, entered on the rolls on 22 Feb 1603 did concede, bargain and sell unto Francis Godolphin, knight; William Killigrew of Hanwoorthe, esquire; Richard Carew of Antony, esquire; William Treffrye of Fowey, esquire; and Richard Gedye their heirs and assigns in perpetuity, being in trust for the use and benefit of the said Henry Killigrew throughout his life and after his death in the performance of his last will and testament. Heir: Joseph Killigrew, esquire, the son of Henry Killigrew. In Latin..
-Luke MacMahon wrote: ‘Killigrew, Sir Henry (1525x8-1603)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/15533, accessed 24 Sept 2005]Killigrew, Sir Henry (1525x8-1603), diplomat, was the fourth son of John Killigrew (d. 1568), landowner of Arwennack, Cornwall, and his wife, Elizabeth, second daughter of James Trewennard. His brothers included the MPs John Killigrew (d. 1584) and Sir William Killigrew (d. 1622). Based in Cornwall since the mid-thirteenth century the Killigrews owned land in the parish of St Erme near Truro, although the family seat at Arwennack, where Henry Killigrew was most likely born, was not established until 1385. By the reign of Henry VIII the Killigrews were well placed among the west country gentry, John Killigrew being entrusted by the king with the sensitive office of captain of Pendennis Castle. Henry Killigrew may well have attended Cambridge University, although there is no evidence that he ever obtained a degree. Nevertheless he was certainly educated to a high standard. In addition to a thorough grounding in classical languages and literature and a keen interest in music and painting, he possessed a strong grasp of both Italian and French.
Early career and exile, 1552–1558
Killigrew's career as a public servant began in 1552 with his appointment as harbourmaster for the duchy of Cornwall, the same year that he received the office of collector of rents for the manor of Helston, Cornwall. On 18 February 1553 he was returned as MP for Launceston. No doubt in part this small but useful collection of offices reflected the natural expectations that even a younger son born to a well connected landowning family might reasonably have. It also demonstrated the value of holding the correct religious sympathies under a particular regime. He was already known to John Dudley, duke of Northumberland, for his service to him as a gentleman usher in the mid-1540s, and the strong protestant faith evinced by Killigrew and his family did much to bolster their popularity with the government.

Killigrew's Dudley association did not extend to support for Northumberland's efforts to alter the succession. Killigrew and his family made no effort to oppose Mary's accession. Only when it became clear that a corner-stone of the Counter-Reformation in England would be the queen's marriage to Philip of Spain did Killigrew and his brothers repudiate their allegiance. By December 1553 Killigrew had travelled to the French court to seek the support of Henri II for a planned rising. When this rising failed the French king swiftly distanced himself from the affair, leaving Killigrew and his co-conspirators adrift and exiled. Killigrew remained in Europe until Elizabeth I's accession. By mid-1554 he had joined the household of the protestant François de Vendôme, vidame de Chartres. It was in this capacity that Killigrew gained his first military experience, fighting with the vidame in Italy, experience that was augmented when he once again fought for the French at St Quentin in August 1557. Ironically, another facet of Killigrew's development largely formed during his exile was a strong distrust of the French. For all that he and his fellow exiles were welcomed into the French army, once their usefulness as rebels was exhausted Henri and his advisers treated them with thinly veiled contempt. This poor treatment cemented in Killigrew an enduring dislike of the French that coloured his attitude towards them during his time as a leading Elizabethan diplomat. Most important, it was during this period that he gained invaluable experience of European courts. In addition to the many contacts he made in France he spent time in Italy, not only as part of the vidame's forces, but also in 1556 on a sensitive mission to Edward Courteney, earl of Devonshire, seeking to gain his commitment to lead yet another rebellion against Mary. When this proved unsuccessful, and no doubt heartily disillusioned with his French hosts, Killigrew travelled to Germany and took up residence in Strasbourg. It was there in November 1557 that Thomas Randolph found him, and on Mary's behalf requested that he perform a reconnaissance mission in France. It was significant that this request was apparently made with the full knowledge of Princess Elizabeth. Having completed the mission Killigrew returned to Strasbourg, where he remained until Mary's death. The earlier suggestion that Elizabeth was aware of both Killigrew and his suitability for diplomatic work was confirmed when shortly after her accession the young queen summoned him back to London as a prelude to dispatching him as her envoy to the protestant princes of Germany.
France and Scotland: diplomat and soldier, 1558–1563
Throughout the thirty-five years that Killigrew served Elizabeth as agent and ambassador the focus of his work was to protect England from the encroachment of Catholic Spain and France. By turns ordered to sow dissent among Catholics and forge consensus between protestants, Killigrew's abiding inspiration and succour was his profound protestant faith. Within months of his return to England he was sent on a low-key mission to Otto-Heinrich, the elector palatine, and Christoph, duke of Württemberg, with the aim of re-establishing friendly relations between Germany's protestant princes and England. When he arrived in Heidelberg in December 1558 Killigrew's enthusiasm was such that he may have given the mistaken impression that Elizabeth was actually seeking an alliance with the princes, much to the queen's irritation. Even so, the mission was not entirely fruitless. In addition to signalling England's readiness to reopen communications with Germany's protestant princes, Killigrew also held useful discussions with the new elector palatine, Friedrich III, and his son John Casimir, about the possibility of supplying Elizabeth with mercenaries.

From Germany Killigrew travelled to France to meet his old master, the vidame, now the governor of Calais. His objective was to discuss with him the possibility of the French reinstating Calais to English rule. Killigrew was gulled by the vidames into believing that Henri might entertain such a proposal. He duly forwarded this misinformation both to Elizabeth at court and to her commissioners at Câteau-Cambrésis before arriving at Câteau-Cambrésis himself. There he was promptly detained by the leader of the French negotiators, Anne de Montmorency, constable of France, who took a decidedly dim view of his interference. Killigrew contributed nothing more to the peace talks. He remained in detention until peace was signed after which the constable, no doubt confident that his charge could do no more damage, released him, allowing Killigrew to return home by late March 1559.
Killigrew's homecoming was brief. In May he was dispatched to Paris to serve as secretary to Elizabeth's resident ambassador in France, Sir Nicholas Throckmorton. After Henri died on 10 July 1559 as a result of a jousting accident, leaving the ultra-Catholic Guise faction in control of the French crown, the central aim of the English ambassador and his attaché was to minimize the ability of France to threaten England through her support of Scotland. To this end they gave what tacit support they could to the Huguenot leaders with the hope of further destabilizing France. Additionally they sought, through the dispatch of reports detailing the dangers of further French involvement in Scotland, to persuade the queen and her advisers of the necessity of lending tangible aid to the lords of the congregation. Given the continued presence of French troops in Scotland and the ongoing efforts to increase their numbers, the reports of Throckmorton and Killigrew were sufficient to convince Elizabeth of the need for action. In March 1560 she ordered William Grey, thirteenth Baron Grey of Wilton, to lead an army to Berwick where it would ready itself to aid the lords of the congregation in their siege of the French garrison in Leith. Ever cautious, however, Elizabeth also attempted to secure a peaceful resolution, acquiescing to the dispatch of a French envoy, Jean de Monluc, bishop of Valence, to Scotland in the hope that he might yet broker an agreement between the regent, Mary de Guise, and the rebels. Both to act as escort, and to ensure that Monluc did not stray from his remit, Killigrew was appointed to accompany him. The two men arrived in Scotland in April, but due largely to the intransigence of both parties the talks came to nothing. In consequence the Anglo-Scottish force assaulted Leith and was duly repulsed with heavy losses. Arriving in London on the same day as the unfortunate news, Killigrew was one of those to bear the queen's wrath. However, his fall from grace was brief. The treaty of Edinburgh and the withdrawal of French troops from Scotland vindicated the hardline policy that Killigrew had so energetically urged upon Elizabeth and the zealous diplomat was once more restored to favour.
For two years Killigrew remained in England, with Sir Robert Dudley acting as his patron. Then in August 1562 he was once again called upon to travel to France. In the aftermath of Henri's death and with the support of the dowager queen, Catherine de' Medici, the Guise opposition to the Huguenot cause was proving implacable. By autumn 1562 the Huguenots had been confined to a handful of strongholds to which their enemies were consistently and successfully laying siege. In sending Killigrew to Normandy, Elizabeth sought to discover the strength of the Huguenot forces and fortifications, and whether, in return for her military and financial support, their leaders would be prepared to cede Calais to the English. With extreme reluctance the French rebels agreed that, in return for an army of 6000 men and a gift of a million crowns, they would permit the English to garrison Newhaven (Le Havre) and Dieppe until such time as they were in a position to restore Calais. At the beginning of October Sir Adrian Poynings sailed with the 1500 strong vanguard of the expeditionary force to Le Havre, where Killigrew awaited him. Without official sanction, but quite possibly with the tacit approval of the queen, Killigrew, in company with Thomas Leighton, immediately set out from Le Havre at the head of a 400 strong Anglo-French force intent upon bringing aid to the Huguenots besieged at Rouen. Their effort proved to be too little too late. Having gained entry to the city Killigrew and Leighton's force could do nothing but forestall the inevitable. Rouen fell on 26 October, and Killigrew was one of the few Englishmen captured who was not subsequently hanged. He became the captive of Henri d'Anville de Montmorency, son of the constable. After the payment of a considerable ransom, Killigrew returned home in May 1563.
Triumph in Scotland, 1563–1575
In recognition of Killigrew's work in Scotland he was appointed in June 1561 to the lucrative office of teller of the exchequer. In addition to the salary of £33 6s. 8d. Killigrew and his three colleagues were responsible for the receipt and dispersal of nearly all the exchequer's revenue, providing them with the opportunity to make considerable profits from short-term speculation. It was another sixteen years before Killigrew received his next appointment, when, in 1577, he was made receiver of piracy fines. Finally, in 1580 Elizabeth appointed him surveyor of the royal armoury. Undoubtedly these offices provided Killigrew with a healthy income, much needed to subsidize the relatively poor diets he received as an ambassador—on average £2 per day; they did not, however, make him an influential figure within the government. He was MP for Saltash in Cornwall in 1563 but did little in parliament. Throughout Elizabeth's reign Killigrew's best hope of exercising influence rested in his relationships with the queen's great favourites, his long time patron, Dudley (now earl of Leicester), and from the later 1560s Killigrew's brother-in-law, Sir William Cecil (1520/21-1598). On 4 November 1565 Killigrew married Katherine [see Killigrew, Katherine (c.1542-1583)], fifth daughter of gentleman and scholar Sir Anthony Cooke (1505/6-1576), royal tutor, of Gidea Hall, Essex, and his wife, Anne. The marriage, for all the advantages it conveyed to the young diplomat, was apparently one of love. The couple had four daughters. Sir Nicholas Bacon (1510-1579), lord keeper, was an influential brother-in-law, but the most important connection was with Cecil. The link to Cecil, originally little to the principal secretary's liking, ultimately secured for Killigrew the support of the most influential man in England.
Barring two brief missions to Scotland in 1566 and 1567 Killigrew remained in England for more than six years after his ill-starred military escapades in France. His next diplomatic mission, begun in February 1569, took him once again to Heidelberg. In response to an overture made by Friedrich III, Killigrew travelled to Germany to explore the possibility of a defensive alliance and discuss conditions under which the queen might grant a loan of 100,000 crowns in order to finance a protestant military expedition against the Low Countries and France. The mission, to which Killigrew was strongly committed, foundered on the reluctance of Friedrich's German allies to form a confederation with a foreign power, and Elizabeth's fear that too close an association with the protestant princes might well serve simply to draw the wrath of the Catholic powers directly upon her. Killigrew was returned as MP for Truro in 1571 and 1572 and was more active on committees than in previous parliaments, including sitting on one concerned with Mary, queen of Scots (12 May 1572).

On 24 August 1572 thousands of Huguenots were killed in the St Bartholomew's day massacre. This did much to convince Elizabeth and her privy councillors that once free of civil war France might well make a determined effort to restore Catholicism to England, as ever using Scotland to facilitate its efforts. To avoid this it would be vital to ensure that Scotland was united under a strong protestant government. To this end Killigrew, recently returned from France, where for the previous three years he had been serving as secretary to the resident ambassador, Sir Francis Walsingham, was dispatched to Edinburgh. His instructions were to broker a peace between the regency government of James VI, headed by John Erskine, first earl of Mar, and James Douglas, fourth earl of Morton, and the supporters of Mary, Sir William Kirkcaldy of Grange and William Maitland of Lethington. He was instructed to persuade the regency government to take custody of Mary, who was then a prisoner in England, and then arrange her execution as expeditiously as possible, thus relieving Elizabeth of the unwholesome task.

The mission, probably the most challenging of Killigrew's career, also witnessed his greatest success. The ambassador could only get Mar and Morton to connive at the judicial murder of Mary if Elizabeth openly supported them in the act. However, Killigrew was considerably more successful in other respects. Mar died on 29 October 1572, leaving a power vacuum in the regency government. His natural successor, Morton, was disinclined to accept the role without financial and, preferably also, military support from England. Killigrew tried to convince Morton in mid-December that the demands the latter had made were about to be met by Elizabeth. However, Morton was dubious and refused to give way to Killigrew's persuasions that he declare himself governor without firm support in money and military aid from England, which he got. On 31 December the ten-month truce between the two Scottish factions expired and the possibility of renewed conflict seemed great. The leaders of the Scottish queen's party, Kirkcaldy and Maitland, from their position of relative strength in Edinburgh Castle, resisted all Killigrew's attempts to make peace. However, the ambassador had considerably more success with their allies beyond the city. In February 1573 he met the leaders of the two parties, excluding Kirkcaldy and Maitland, at Leith and successfully negotiated an agreement by which the Marians accepted the rule of the regency government in return for liberal concessions on the part of the king. Having helped both to secure the appointment of Morton as governor and to isolate the opposition leaders it only remained for Killigrew to secure the English military support necessary to reduce Edinburgh Castle. This he finally gained in April when Sir William Drury, captain of Berwick, led a force of 1500 men and thirty-three pieces of artillery to Edinburgh. Finally, on 26 May the garrison surrendered. Maitland died in prison on 9 June and Kirkcaldy was executed on 3 August. Due in no small part to the unrelenting efforts of Killigrew, opponents of the regency were either broken or won over, and the danger of a Franco-Scottish alliance eliminated. Over the next two years Killigrew performed two further embassies to Scotland in which he made every effort to nurture Anglo-Scottish relations and support Morton's regency. Elizabeth recalled him in September 1575, bringing to an end the most productive period of his diplomatic career.
Final years, 1575–1603
Aside from his lucrative work as teller of the exchequer, Killigrew was also called upon to offer advice on diplomatic affairs and to act as interpreter and companion to high-ranking foreign guests. His long service to Elizabeth did not go unrewarded. In recognition of his work in Scotland he was granted the manor of Lanreath, Cornwall, in May 1573. The following year Killigrew added to his Cornish holdings with the purchase of the manor of Bottlet from Henry Hastings, third earl of Huntingdon, for £3600. Additionally, he owned an estate in Hendon in Middlesex and a house next to St Paul's churchyard. His position as a significant landowner was reflected in his involvement in local government. In addition to serving as MP for Truro (elected in 1571 and 1572), between about 1579 and 1587 he served on the quorum of the peace for Cornwall. Much of his personal life seems to have been devoted to the management of his estates and correspondence with his puritan friends such as Elizabeth's resident ambassador to the Netherlands, William Davison, and his patrons Burghley and Leicester. In December 1584 his daughter Anne (d. 1632) married Henry Neville (1561/2-1615) of Wargrave in Berkshire. He was the first of several sons-in-law with whom Killigrew got on well.

In November 1585 Killigrew was summoned to perform his penultimate foreign mission, as one of Leicester's key advisers in the Netherlands. For all that the earl commanded an English relief force that represented one of the best hopes of the states general to defeat the Spanish, his high-handed manner and divisive policies made bitter opponents of the Dutch leaders. As one of Leicester's most senior advisers Killigrew shared in this odium. His situation became still less comfortable when Leicester appointed him joint head of the new chamber of finance in July 1586. Killigrew's main responsibilities were to investigate corruption among the Dutch leadership and to impede commercial activities between the Provinces and their Spanish enemies. Relief came when in November he followed Leicester back to England. In June 1587 he returned to the Low Countries, but unlike Leicester, who received his final recall in November, Killigrew remained with the Dutch for another year. With Leicester's departure he became the most senior civilian English representative in the Netherlands. This was a somewhat empty honour given the distrust and resentment with which the English were regarded by the Dutch leaders, in particular Paul Buys and Johan Oldenbarnevelt. Much of Killigrew's remaining time in the Netherlands was devoted to undoing Leicester's work and seeking to make peace between the states general and those towns that had rejected its authority. Killigrew's long-sought recall finally came in January 1589, largely the result of his continuing unpopularity with the Dutch leaders; it was also an acknowledgement that one of Elizabeth's longest serving diplomats was now both old and tired.
Killigrew's final foreign mission, begun in July 1591, as part of an English expeditionary force sent to assist Henri of Navarre in his siege of Rouen, saw him serving as adviser to Robert Devereux, second earl of Essex, and in company with his old comrade, Leighton, attempting to restrain the incautious young general. He was also responsible for much of the logistical organization of the 3400 strong army. Despite his age and growing infirmity Killigrew seems to have performed this latter duty with considerable competence. He went to great lengths to ensure that the army was fed and discipline maintained, as well as expending much effort and money in arranging for the sick to be transported home. Neither he nor Leighton were able to stop Essex treating the campaign as something of an adventure, nevertheless, the general made clear his gratitude for Killigrew's efforts when he knighted the old diplomat on 20 November, a week before his return to England.
Killigrew largely retired from public service. He retained the tellership of the exchequer until March 1599, and occasionally returned to court to participate in diplomatic negotiations. Katherine Killigrew died on 27 December 1583, and her widower married a Frenchwoman, Jaél de Peigne (d. 1617×34), on 7 November 1590. The couple had three sons, Joseph, Henry, and Robert, and one daughter. Killigrew intervened on behalf of Neville in early 1601, who had become embroiled in Essex's revolt. Killigrew died on 2 March 1603 and was buried in London at St Margaret, Lothbury. His will, proved on 16 April, provided annuities for his wife and two younger sons totalling £140, as well as further bequests to them with a value of £1700
Sources
A. C. Miller, Sir Henry Killigrew, Elizabethan soldier and diplomat (1963) · CSP for., 1547–88 · CSP dom., 1547–1603 · R. B. Wernham, Before the Armada: the growth of English foreign policy, 1485–1588 (1966) · J. Warren, Elizabeth I, religion and foreign affairs (1993) · HoP, Commons, 1509–58, 2.466–7 · HoP, Commons, 1558–1603, 2.394–5 · J. L. Vivian, ed., The visitations of Cornwall, comprising the herald's visitations of 1530, 1573, and 1620 (1887) · D. Trim, ‘“The foundation stone of the British army?” The Normandy campaign of 1562’, Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research, 77 (1999), 77–86 · G. R. Hewitt, Scotland under Morton, 1572–80 (1982)
Archives
PRO, corresp., PRO 30/50 | BL, Cotton MSS, corresp. · BL, Harley MSS, papers
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There was probably another daughter Elizabeth, who married Sir Sir Maurice Berkeley, of Bruton, b. 1577 and had the following children: >
1. Charles Berkeley, 2nd Viscount FitzHardinge, b. 14 Dec 1599
2. Sir William Berkeley, Governor of Virginia, b. 1605
3. John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton, b. est 1607.

     Sir Henry Killigrew was born circa 1598 in Cornwall. He was the second son and not yet 21 in 1617.. He was the son of Sir Henry Killigrew and Jael de Peigne.
He was named in his parents wills and his brother Sir Joseph's of 1615.
     Henry matriculated at Queen's College, Oxford University, on 28 April 1615. Sir Henry Killigrew, of Cornwall, militis fil. Queens College, matric. 28 April 1615 aged 17; a student of Grays Inn 1617 (as of London, esq.), second son of Sir Henry of London.
Sir Henry Killigrew married Jemima Bael. Sir Henry Killigrew was knighted on 15 August 1625 in Woodstock. Knight Bachelor.      
Sir Henry Killigrew was the Member of Parliament from 1640 to January 1644 for West Looe, Cornwall, England.
     Henry died on 27 September 1646 in St Malo, Cornwall. He was buried on 3 October 1646 in St Heliers, Jersey, Channel Islands.

     Sir Henry Killigrew was christened on 4 April 1665 in St Martin in the Fields, Westminster. He was the son of Sir Robert Killigrew and Barbara Unknown (Killigrew).
     Henry died before 26 October 1711 in St Giles in the Fields, London. He left no issue. He was listed in the burial register of St Giles in the Fields as 26 Oct 1711,Mr Henry Killigrew, carryed away - which I presume means he was not buried there.
     The administration of his estate was granted on 10 December 1711 at the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. Administration was granted to Richard Fleming, principal creditor.

      Henry Killigrew DD was born on 11 February 1612/13 in Hanworth, Middlesex. He was aged 10 in 1622. 5th son of Sir Robert, chamberlain to the Queen. He was the son of Sir Robert Killigrew and Mary Woodhouse. Henry Killigrew DD was christened on 16 February 1612/13 in Hanworth.
     Henry Killigrew DD was mentioned in the will of Margaret or Margery Saunders (Leigh) dated 22 May 1623.
     Henry matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford University, on 5 July 1632. He was educated at St Giles Cripplegate by celebrated schoolmaster Farnaby. Thence to Christ Church, Oxford when 16, B.A. 5 July 1632, M.A. 1638. DD 1642.
     Henry Killigrew DD was mentioned in the will of Sir Robert Killigrew dated 12 September 1632. Henry was a clergyman. Preceptor to James II and a chaplain to the Kings Army. Canon of Westminster 1660, prebendary of the twelth stall at Westminster and rector of Wheathamsted where there are some family tombs. In 1667 made Master of the Savoy and Almoner to His Royal Highness. Upon the outbreak of civil war in 1642 he became chaplain to the King's army and in November was created D.D. at Oxford. ... He resigned the Rectory in 1673 in favour of Dr John Lambe, husband of his daughter Elizabeth, who died on 28 Oct 1701 in her fifty-first year. According to some writers the final ruin of the Savoy Hospital was the result of Killigrew's improvidence and greed. A bill was passed in in 1697 abolishing its privileges of santuary. The hospital was leased out in tenements, and the master appropriated the profits; among the leases granted was one (1699) to Henry Killigrew, the patentee of Drury Lane theatre, for his lodgings in the Savoy, at a rent 1l. a year for 40 years. Killigrew and other masters granted licenses of marriage. ....
Henry Killigrew DD married Judith Unknown.
Married twice, his widow continued living at the Savoy.
     1664 - Henry Killigrew S.T.P., Master of St Mary le Savoy Hospital, London v.
John Kirk re legacy of Lewis Kirk A4 f12. 1669 Thomas Kentish & Rose Woolley v. Sir John Gerrard I Henry R Killigrew, Rector of Wethhamptsted, Hunts (Archdeaconry of Hunts) A.C.
See Oxford Dictionary of National Biography for further information: www.oxforddnb.com/.
     Henry died on 14 March 1699/0 in Savoy, London, aged 87.

     More information about Henry Killigrew Lord of Admiralty may be found at http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1690-1715/member/killigrew-henry-1652-1712 and the Dictionary of National Biography online for further information.
He was born circa 1652 in St Martin's Lane, Westminster, Middlesex. He was the son of Henry Killigrew DD and Judith Unknown.
     Henry served in the Royal Navy.
     He served as a Captain in the Navy in December 1673.
Henry Killigrew Lord of Admiralty married Lucy Jervoise circa February 1692. The marriage licence was dated 9 Feb 1692 (aged 40).
     In Capt James Killigrew's will dated 5 December 1694, Henry Killigrew Lord of Admiralty was named as executor of the estate. He was an executor of Capt James Killigrew's estate on 15 March 1694/95 in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury.
     Henry resided at St Julians, Hertfordshire, 16 May 1697.      
Henry Killigrew Lord of Admiralty was In 1702 he stood for the parliamentary election for the Borough of Hindon, Wilts, but he lost to Sir James How
KILLIGREW, Henry (c.1652-1712), of St. Julians, nr. St. Albans, Herts. Constituency
Dates STOCKBRIDGE 1702 - 1705 , ST. ALBANS 24 Nov. 1705 - 1708

b. c.1652, s. of Henry Killigrew, DD, canon of Westminster, master of the Savoy Hosp., London by his wife Judith. m. lic. 9 Feb. 1692 (aged 40), Lucy, da. of Thomas Jervoise of Herriard, Hants, sister of Thomas Jervoise*, 1s. 3da.1 between 1702 and 1708.
     Henry Killigrew Lord of Admiralty made a will dated 8 December 1704 in Hertfordshire.
     Henry died on 9 November 1712 in St Albans, Hertfordshire. See Oxford Dictionary of National Biography for further information: www.oxforddnb.com.
     His will was proved on 20 December 1712 at PCC. Will of Henry Killigrew of Saint Julien Saint Stephen, Hertfordshire.

     Jael Killigrew was also known as Jane in records. She was born after 1590. She was named in the will of her father as the only daughter, not yet 20 in 1602. She was the daughter of Sir Henry Killigrew and Jael de Peigne.
     Jael died before 20 December 1608 in London. She was buried on 20 December 1608 in St Margaret, Lothbury, London.

     James Killigrew was born in Cornwall. He was described as the second son. He was the son of John Killigrew and Jane or Joan or Maude Petit.
     James Killigrew was mentioned in the will of Bennet Killigrew dated 2 July 1543.
     James resided at Blean, Kent, 6 November 1562. Letter of attorney 1) James Kyllygrewe [Kyllegrew] of Cosmas Bleane [Blean], Kent 2) William Swordre [Swerder] and Steven Thornherste. Authority to receive moneys and collect debts in his name.
Margaret Godolphin was his niece not his cousin according to Vivian.
     James Killigrew made a will dated 12 January 1566/67 in St Budock, Cornwall, England. I James Killigrewe of the parish of Budock in the county of Cornwall being in my bodye and of ... remembrance thanks be to God make this my ... last will and testament the xiith of January the ninth year and of our Sovereign Lady Elizabeth by the grace of God Queen of England, France & Ireland and defender of the faith. First I bequeath my soule into hands of God my heavenly father and ... I bequeath my body to the grave in... and I bequeath... of my godsonne Symon Killygrew tenne? pounds? John Chamberlyne ... and to my god daughter Mary ... twenty shillings and I bequeath to Robert my ... forty shillings and to Harry my ... forty shillings and to Mondaye his sonne twenty shillings and I bequeath to my sister Anne Penrose fortye shillings and to ... and B... ... each of them twentye shillings ... and for the ... ... of ... bequeath .......... and I bequeath to my dear friend .... and .... and to my friend Robert Taylor my nephew Harrye Killygrew ... xxs for his paynes I bequeath to my sister Killigrew Tenne shillings to my cozen Mary Killigrew tenne shillings to my cosen Marget Godolfing tenne shillings, Ellen Killigrew tenne shillings and to Mary & Katherine Killigrew tenne shillings & ... and to ... tenne shillings and I bequeath to my cosen Alexander Killygrew twentye shillings and to Leonard? ... Phillip ... fourtye shillings divided between them and I give all the rest of my goods not bequeathed to my brother John Killygrew who ... & make my .... executor of this my last will & testament to devide any .... as he may feel ... Probatum... London 26 Nov to John Killygrew ...
     His will was proved on 16 November 1568 at the Prerogative Court of Canterbury.
     James died before 26 November 1568 in St Budock, Cornwall.

     James Killigrew was born before 1682. He was named in the will of his gr-father in 1682.. He was the son of Henry Killigrew and Lady Mary Savage. James Killigrew was christened on 29 May 1694 in St Martin in the Fields, Westminster, Middlesex. James Killagrew, of Henry & Mary, born 19 May 1694.

      Capt James Killigrew was born circa 1673 in London, England. He was the son of Henry Killigrew DD.
     James served in the Royal Navy was Commander of HMS Plymouth from 1688.
     His will was proved on 13 June 1693 at the Prerogative Court of Canterbury.. James Killigrew, gent. died abroad (Ghent]
     Capt James Killigrew made a will dated 5 December 1694. He described himself as commander of the "Plymouth" and mentions his brother the Hon. Henry Killigrew, Esq., as executor. He was widowed on 18 January 1694/95 on the death of his wife Capt James Killigrew.
     His will was proved on 15 March 1694/95 at PCC. Will of James Kelligrew or Killigrew, Commander of their Majesties' ship the Plymouth.
Petition of Henry Killigrew, brother of Capt James Killigrew, deceased late Commander of HMS Plymouth, claiming his brother's share in a prize of two French men-of-war, address to Parliament.
See Oxford Dictionary of National bBiography for further information: www.oxforddnb.com/.

     Jane Killigrew was born. Admiral Killigrew wrote to his brother in law Thomas Jervise, from on board HM ship 'Britannia' with news of the birth of his daughter, making Thomas an uncle for the first time. This may be Jane or Mary. She was the daughter of Henry Killigrew Lord of Admiralty and Lucy Jervoise.
     Jane died in 1733 in St Albans, Hertfordshire. On Saturday last died at St Albans Mrs Jane Killigrew, daughter of the late Admiral Killigrew, a maiden gentlewoman, said to have died worth upwards of 20,000 pounds.

     Jane Killigrew was born in Cornwall. She was the daughter of Capt John Killigrew and Elizabeth Trewinnard.
Jane Killigrew married John Michell. In 1562 John Michell esquire was the mayor of Truro & Falmouth, in 162-3 he represented Cornwall in parliament and again in 1573-4.

     Jane Killigrew was the daughter of Robert Killigrew and Elizabeth Morys (of Wolstane).

     Jane Killigrew was christened on 6 February 1653 in St Gluvias, Cornwall. Daughter of Simon & Elizabeth. She was the daughter of Simon Killigrew and Elizabeth Orell (Ross or Roose).
     Jane was buried on 20 November 1664 in St Gluvias, Cornwall. Jane, daughter of Simon Killigrew.

     Johanna Killigrew was born circa 1529. She was aged 4 years, 11 months & 2 days at her grandfathers inquisition post mortem.. She was the daughter of Henry Killigrew and Elizabeth Bond.

      Tregellas states: His son John—third of the name—seems to have been, according to some contemporary accounts, a man of no very high character; in fact, he has been stigmatized as 'a pirate,' an 'avoider of his debts,' 'a gamester,' and 'spendthrift.' Amongst the Lansdowne MSS., in the British Museum, are preserved accounts of his misconduct. One, dated 7th March, 1588/9, is a 'Complaynte against John Killigrew of ye County of Cornwall, of many of his ill demeners.' First comes a list of his 'knowen debtes' to Her Majesty and others. Then the document sets forth that, notwithstanding many judgments obtained against him, he 'satisfieth no[121] man;' but rides abroad, attended by armed servants, defies the bailiffs, and commits all sorts of high-handed irregularities. It concludes with the statement that he endeavours to satisfy his wealthier creditors with vain promises, and the poorer ones with blows and threatening words; and in fact, the complainants say it would require 'a hole quire of papr' to sum up all his misdeeds. His boarding and pillaging a Danish ship, and some similar acts of violence, are set forth by Sir Julius Cæsar in other documents of this series; and our hero, together with one William Ewens, are set down as 'notorious pirates.' That he did not obtain the honour of knighthood under such circumstances is hardly to be wondered at.

I cannot, however, help thinking that he has been debited with many of the misdeeds of one Peter Killigrew, who lived a century before him, but whose exact connexion with the family I have been unable to trace satisfactorily. Perhaps the one mentioned in Strype's 'Memorials of Edward VI.,' of whom it is observed, in 1552, that one 'Strangwich' (? Restronguet), 'and two Killigrews with him, were such notable sea-rovers, that, in the month of February of that year, the King sent a letter to the French King, that he would do his endeavour for the apprehension of them.' And yet, in 1592, a Mr. Killigrew, according to the same authority, was appointed, at Sir Walter Raleigh's request, on a commission to inquire into the matter of the distribution of the spoil of a certain richly-laden Spanish carrack, 'The Mother of God' taken by some of Sir Walter's ships on her return[122] from the East Indies. Indeed, there is considerable difficulty in identifying some of the Killigrews of the sixteenth and early in the seventeenth centuries. But the fact is, that not only were the Killigrews concerned in exploits of this nature, but there were many others amongst the west-countrymen who, under Sir Peter Carew, slipped over to France, and did a little privateering against Spain on their own account, being anxious to do all in their power to prevent the marriage of Mary with Philip of Spain. A Killigrew of this date had three ships under his command, according to the Calais MSS. 'Wild spirits of all nations,' says Froude—'Scots, English, French, whoever chose to offer—found service under their flag. They were the first specimens of the buccaneering chivalry of the next generation, the germ out of which rose the Drakes, the Raleighs, the Hawkinses, who harried the conquerors of the New World.' Ultimately the Godolphins and Killigrews were threatened with prosecution, but nothing came of it. By his wife Dorothy, daughter of Thomas Monck of Potheridge, Devon, John is said to have had nine sons and five daughters, though I can only trace ten children altogether. She was the sister of General Monck, Duke of Albemarle, whose exploits on behalf of his royal masters, and especially the prominent part he took in the restoration of Charles II., are well-known matters of history. I have referred somewhat more fully to this in the chapter on the Grenvilles.

This John (whom we have called the third) had two brothers, Thomas and Simon, both of whom[123] were Court favourites. Some other Cornish gentlemen of the time seem to have been equally popular with the Queen, as Elizabeth said of them that they were all 'born courtiers, and with a becoming confidence.' Queen Elizabeth sent Thomas on an embassy to the Count Palatine of the Rhine; and I find that he was also commissioned to seize a certain ship of Brittany at 'Pensans' (Penzance), and to 'distribute the spoil among such as by certain Britaines have been heretofore spoiled of their goods and wronged.' Rough and ready justice this, seemingly, and a lesson from which some subsequent Killigrews, as we shall find, did not fail to take a hint. John's younger brother, Simon, was, to some extent, a herald, as appears by a letter from him on the subject of the Manaton coat of arms, preserved amongst the Harleian MSS. (1079), in the British Museum. The two younger brothers added to the family estates by purchases of a property, with a town-house at Lothbury; a country seat at Kineton (? Kempton) Park, near Hampton Court; besides sundry lands and manors in East Cornwall, Devon, and Lincolnshire. Of their two sisters, Mary and Katherine, I can learn nothing, except that the latter married twice.. John Killigrew was born circa 1554 in 'Arwenack', Budock, Cornwall. He was aged over 30 in 1584 at the inquisition into the death of his father. He was the son of Sir John Killigrew and Mary Wolverston.
     John Killigrew and Sir John Killigrew were named in the militia list taken in 1569 in Budock, Cornwall. The 1569 muster lists John Kyllygrew Esq of Budock with John Kyllygrew Esq. jun. who furnished one (erased and fower written over) gelding with his furniture for a light horseman 4 corselts furnished 4 almayn rivets or in their stead 4 coats of plate or brigandines 12 pikes one morrion 12 long bows 2 steel caps or sculls ...but. Next entry is for Peter Kyllygrew with bow arrows ...calybers 2 murryans. John jr was one of the five Commissioners and signed at least five of the Hundreds. See also Penryn.
He was Captain/Governor of Pendennis Castle (fort). 1569 muster of Cornwall - John Jr. of Budock. Signet Bills list John Killigrew re protection Oct 1587, warrant Aug 1595, discharge Dec 1605.
John Killigrew married Dorothy Monk, daughter of Sir Thomas Monk and Elizabeth Smith, in late 1578.      
John Killigrew was the Member of Parliament.
b. c.1547, 1st s. of John Killigrew I by Mary, da. of Philip Wolverston, wid. of Henry Knyvet. m. Dorothy, prob. da. of Thomas Monck of Potheridge, Devon, by his 2nd w. an heiress of the Patswell fam., 9s. 5da. suc. fa. 1584 in 1584 for Penryn, Cornwall.
He was Captain/Governor of Pendennis Castle (fort). In 1584 he petitioned for an increase of the defensive power of the Castle and offered to find men among his tenants, the outlay of which would amount to some 1500 pounds. "I have been 12 months suitor about it", he wrote, "and have made liberal offer, considering my beggarly estate, for its fortifying". A brave effort, considering he was in debt, and his pay as Governor amounted to £118.12.6 p.a..
Sir John Killigrew re warrant Jan 1584/5 - Signet Bills.
State Papers list: Hatton to Mildmaye: for stalling John Killigrew's debt as collector of the subsidy in Cornwall; he has inherited his father's debts and has spent £100 on repairing a castle, as the Justices of the Peace there report; Richemond; 12 Dec.1586.
He was dismissed as Vice-Admiral in 1589 having been appointed in 1587 & 1589. He was actively engaged in piracy and soon fell foul of the Privy Council for plundering some Danish ships, but for nearly two years defied all attempts to question him. His arrest was first ordered in Oct 1587, and again in April and September the following year. In Nov 15888 he was outlawed while travelling around Cornwall with a band of armed retainers, and the sheriff was ordered to raise the Posse Comitatus, and to enter Pendennis Castle if that proved necessary to effect his arrest. Killigrew left for London where in December the Lord Mayor was ordered to arrest him, but failed to find him. In March 1589 another warrant for his arrest was issued, while the following month the Lord High Admiral was told to remove him from the vice admiralty. Finally, in fury at their failure to catch a man, who, they said, 'fleeteth from place to place and cannot be had or taken in contempt of all law and government;, the Privy Council in July 1589 asked the Solicitor-General to issue a writ of rebellion. Having perhaps been warned by his courtier brothers that he had reached the end of the road, Killigrew surrendered to the authorities, who kindly issued a warrant to protect him from arrest by his creditors for thirty days to give him time to try to settle his debts. A long list of new charges were brought against him in 1595, including an allegation that he had bribed the captain of the Queen's ship the Crane, to allow the pirate and traitor Captain Elliott to escape from Helford with a prize. No action seems to have been taken against him on this charge even, when, three years later, the master of one of Elliott's ships surrendered and told the authorities that Killigrew and Elliott had given the Crane's captain £100 to 'go into the country' until Elliott's ship had escaped. The value of courtier brothers is amply demonstrated by the leniency shown to Killigrew..
In 1595 John Killigrew, captain of Pendennis, claimed the right to muster five nearby parishes for the castle's defence in defiance of the deputy lieutenants who had ordered John Trefusis to muster them for the defence of Penryn.
In the same year a boy from Penryn was passed off as the bastard son of John Killigrew of Arwennack. The Spanish had sent a ship to burn down Arwennack, perhaps because Killigrew, whom the Privy Council had been told had been bought by Spain, had reneged on his agreement. After exploding some fireworks near the house, and capturing the lad, the captain returned to Spain where he told King Philip that the boy was Killigrew's bastard. The lad was kept as a page at the Court, perhaps because it was thought that he might be of value in the future in persuading Killigrew to return to the Spanish fold..
     John Killigrew was mentioned in a deed dated 17 March 1596. 17 Mar. 1596: Bargain and sale. Jn. Killigrew and Arwennack, Esq., to Hugh Michell of Truro, gent. Treworgey, Treworgey Mills, Rosemorder, Rosemerryn, Tregedna, Helnoweth, Penare, Gilling and Killigrew, in parishes of Manaccan, St. Keverne, Budock and Mawgan in Meneage, and the rectories of St. Anthony and Manaccan.
     John Killigrew and Dorothy Monk were mentioned in a deed dated 7 June 1596. 7 June 1596 Final Concord. Hugh Michell, querant, and Jn. Killigrew Esq., and w. Dorothy, deforciants.
In 1601, he told Cecil (Lord Burghley) that his father left him £10,000 in debt, and that this had cost im £20,000 in 'forfeits and advantages taken from him'.
     John died on 12 August 1605 in London. Despite Dorothy's pleas for John's innocence, he served various prison sentences, and died in London's Fleet debtors prison. He was buried on 4 September 1606 in St Bride, Fleet St, London.
Parties: Robert, Earl of Salisbury, Lord High Treasurer, and Sir Julius Caesar, Chancellor of ...John Killigrewe of Arnwinick co. Cornwall, esq. Lease by Killigrave of a piece of ground, part and parcel of Castle Hill, whereon a new fort called Pendennis has lately been erected, together with the fortifications.
     The administration of his estate was granted in July 1610 at the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. John Killigrew, esq. of Arwenack; admon to Thos Walkden, gent, St Martin in the fields. He was the subject of an Inquisition Post Mortem held in 1616 or 1617.
Of an old portrait of this Sir John it is said that "his dress shows he was a person valuing himself upon his clothes". He had 9 sons and 5 daughters, lived extravagantly and gambled, and left the estate on his death to his son (John) in a shattered condition.
The family were considered equal 27th of Cornwall's wealthiest families from the 1520s to the 1590s. He was suspected of treason, dismissed from his post and imprisoned for debt. Charges of misconduct levelled against him by a furious Privy Council while he was evading its attempts to secure his arrest in 1587, 1588 and 1589, and the long list of accusations made against him in 1595 are recorded in HPHC 1558-1603 ii, 395-7.

     John Killigrew was born before 1470 in Cornwall. Son & heir, named in the inquisition taken on the death of his cousin Thomas Killigrew of Arwenack. He was the son of Thomas Killigrew and Agnes Unknown (Killigrew).
Jane or Joan or Maude Petit married secondly John Killigrew.
     John Killigrew and Jane or Joan or Maude Petit were mentioned in a civil court action between 1493 and 1500 in Cornwall. John Dey and Ennore, his wife, daughter and heir of John Petyt. v. Jane Petyt, now wife to John Kyllygrewe, William Trefusis, and Elizabeth, his wife, and others.: Detention of deeds relating to the manor of Treslouthen .
     John Killigrew and Agnes Unknown (Killigrew), Agnes Killigrew (Buscarnon), Robert Killigrew, Thomas Killigrew, Elinor Killigrew, Elizabeth Killigrew and Thomas Killigrew were beneficiaries in Thomas Killigrew's will dated 22 March 1500/1. John Killigrew was an executor of Thomas Killigrew's estate on 7 June 1501 in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury.
Manor of Gurylyn, Title Deeds Helston 28 Sept. 1504: Thos. Laverens alias Davy of Penryn borough, to Jn. Killigrew of Penryn, gent.
29 Sept. 1504: Jn. Killigrew of Penryn, gent., to Thos. Laverens alias David of Penryn. John Killigrew was mentioned at the Inquisition Post Mortem held 5 Henry VIII (1513) on the death of Thomas Killigrew. He was named in will of his cousin Thomas Killigrew of Penryn 1500 ( of Arwennack).
     John Killigrew and Agnes Unknown (Killigrew) were named in the militia list taken in 1522 in Penryn, Cornwall. The value of the lands in the parish of Gluvyas upon Londe ... John Kyllygrew £1/6/8, Agnes Killygrewe, widow, £2/10/-, Alex Kyllygrew £1/10/-. The value of thel ands in Penryn Borough - is headed by: John Kyllygrew £2/0/0.

The survey of the value of the goods of the inhabitants in the borough of Penryn and their harneis is headed by John Kyllygrew sen and John Kyllygrewe jun with the amount blank. Only one John is listed in the loan, for £40.      
John Killigrew was listed in the Anticipation return in 1523 in Penryn, CON. Kerrier hundred, Penryn - John Kylligrew £2.0.0 40.      
John Killigrew paid the lay subsidy in 1524 in Penryn. Penryn burgh: John Killigrew, goods 40/-, & John Killigrew jun. lands 4. He was not listed burgus of Penryn in 1543.
     John Killigrew was named in the militia list taken in 1535 in Tewington, St Austell, Cornwall. A John Kyllygrew with a bill was listed in the Tinner's Muster roll at Tewynton manor as one of the King's tenants 'cum resiantibus'.
     John died on 8 November 1536 in Cornwall. Other sources suggest a 1543 death date. In the early 1540s Pendennis was built on land leased from its Captain John Killigrew.

     John Killigrew was born before 1276 in Cornwall. He was the son of Ralph Killigrew.
John de Killigrew, of Killigrew, had £20 a year or more in land in 1297.
     John resided at St Erme, Cornwall, 1314.
John de Kelligreu, son of Margery de Kelligreu sister of Benedict de Roscrou [Gluvias] was mentioned in a quitclaim dated 5 Dec 1318.
Gift: 1 Reg. de Treloudas; 2 Rich., 1's bro.
4 mess. and 1a. in Kyllysulou and Ialvan
Annual rent: 60s. for 1's life: 2s. after 1's death
Witnesses: Ste. de Trewythenek, Jn. de Kyllygreu, Thos. de Trenewith, Oger de Clehar, Odo do Trevael.
Given at Treloudas, dated 30 Jun 1328.
John de kelligren was warranty to an exchange of lands re Robert de Kellestkmur & Arundell of Lanherne and Trerice.